What's the difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke?
Heat exhaustion means heavy sweating, cool clammy skin, weakness, nausea, and a fast pulse — a warning sign. Heat stroke is the emergency: skin goes hot and often dry, the person gets confused or passes out, and their temperature spikes. For exhaustion, cool them down and rest. For heat stroke, call 911 immediately while you cool them.
When should I go to a cooling center?
When your home won't stay below the low 80s, when the power's out, or when anyone shows signs of heat strain. Don't tough it out — a few hours in AC resets your body and breaks the heat's hold. Most cities open cooling centers during heat waves; check your city's website or call 211.
Is it safe to leave my kid in the car for just a minute?
No, never — not even with the windows cracked. A car heats up roughly 20 degrees in 10 minutes, and a child's body can't shed that heat. Deaths happen in minutes, even on days that don't feel that hot. Take them with you every single time.
Do fans actually help in extreme heat?
Yes, up to a point. Fans help your sweat evaporate, which cools you — but once the air passes about 95°F, a fan just blows hot air and can make things worse. Pair a fan with a damp cloth or a cool shower, and once it gets that hot, get to AC rather than relying on the fan alone.
How much water should I be drinking?
More than usual, and steadily — don't wait until you're thirsty, since thirst lags behind. A cup of water every 20–30 minutes is a good target when it's very hot. Skip alcohol and heavy caffeine, which pull water out of you. If you're sweating a lot, a sports drink or a pinch of salt in water replaces what you lose.
How do I check on an elderly neighbor without being intrusive?
Keep it simple and warm — knock, say you're checking in because of the heat, and offer water or a ride to cool air. If they don't answer and you're worried, call them, then a relative or a non-emergency line. Most people are grateful, and a two-minute visit can catch trouble early.
Can I sleep in my car with the AC running to stay cool?
Only if it is parked outside in the open, never in a garage — running an engine in an enclosed space causes carbon monoxide poisoning. Even outdoors it wastes fuel and is not a real plan. A cooling center or a friend's place with power is safer and cheaper.
What are the early warning signs I should watch for?
Headache, dizziness, heavy sweating that suddenly stops, muscle cramps, nausea, and feeling unusually tired or irritable. In kids and older adults, watch for flushed skin, confusion, or being hard to wake. Catch it at the cramp-and-headache stage — cool down and hydrate — long before it becomes heat stroke.